Neuro
Orthopaedic Institute Australasia is an independent, international group
of physiotherapists dedicated to quality pain education and manual therapy
and allied health resource distribution.
Based on the recent brain imaging studies that show that learning about pain neurobiology can immediately desensitise pain ignition nodes and therefore pain perception, Explain Pain covers some amazingly complex scientific ground without burdening readers with unnecessary jargon. It tells stories, brings the body to life and makes you wonder as you read, 'why do textbooks make such heavy weather of science when I can understand it quite easily here?'
For more information about Explain Pain, to view the contents page and other selected pages, to read reviews or to place an order click here. Explain Pain is a refreshingly written picture book that aims to demystify the process of understanding and managing pain. It explores all the major systems in the body and their responses to pain over time as well as the external inputs: How to understand your fears, how to make best sense out of the array of options out there for pain treatment and management, how to critically select the best treatment path for you and pace yourself back into normal life.
The Science & Practice of Manual Therapy: Physiology, Neurology and Psychology
This practical book offers an extensive examination of how manual therapy (MT) techniques work, and how to match the most suitable techniques to different conditions. Drawing on evidence-based research, it explores the physiological, neurological and psychophysiological responses of the human body to MT techniques. In doing so, it helps MT practitioners deliver a more effective and safer treatment for a broader range of conditions.
Comprehensive overview helps provide an understanding of how and why MT techniques work.
Content is written in jargon-free, easy-to-read style, with most terms explained.
Text is enhanced by over 120 diagrams, photographs and tables.
Manual pain relief is extensively discussed throughout the book.
Section 1 examines the direct effects of manual therapy on connective tissue and muscle physiology, examining how MT can help assist repair and adaptation processes in these tissues.
Section 2 examines the effect of MT on the neuromuscular system, identifying conditions where neuromuscular dysfunctions can be treated by MT.
Section 3 examines the psychological, emotional and behavioral impacts of MT, in addition to the psychophysiological affects of MT, including psychomotor, neuroendocrine, and autonomic responses.
More than 1,000 references relevant to manual therapy are included, making this an essential source book for students and researchers of MT.
Content is completely rewritten, extensively updated and expanded, adding new research material, novel clinical approaches, and demonstrations of new techniques and assessments.
Pain coverage is expanded.
More information is included on the responses of muscle to mechanical stimuli when applying MT techniques.
From the Author: Eyal Lederman, Director, the Centre for Professional Development in Osteopathy and Manual Therapy, London UK
Marko M. Pecina, Third Edition (Hardcover) 336 pages, CRC; 3 edition (August 16, 2001)
'I have just received, read through, and highly recommend this book. It is written by physicians, and so is understandably medically oriented, with tips on avoiding surgical boo-boos, etc. The descriptions of PT are pretty opaque and archaic, so ignore those bits..(these authors need a PT update). However, over 50 peripheral neural tunnel syndromes are carefully documented with appropriate historical medical referencing.' Diane Jacobs
Provides concise coverage of neuroscience at the undergraduate level. Covers important areas in a format ideal for learning and rapid revisions. Each topics begins with a summary of the facts, followed by detailed explanations and illustrations.
'I found this book to be an excellent overview of everything from basic to systems neuroscience, dealing with almost every principle involved with neuroscience. This book was recommended to me by someone else and has given me a lot of basic information that I didn't have for my current studies. I have managed to read the whole book over the last 6 months in the toilet, but it probably deserves much better! A worth while text that I really recommend for anyone wanting to get into neuroscience. ' Henry Tsao
Color Atlas of Anatomy: A Photographic Study of the Human Body
This is by far the clearest set of pictures I've ever seen of the nervous system (or anything else for that matter). You feel like you're right in the anatomy lab minus the smell. Four hundred and eighty-six pages, virtually all of them showing an actual dissection, and a diagram of the same dissection to clarify. There are many photos of child size anatomy, something one doesn't often see in real life anatomy labs, to compare to adult structures in size, shape and placement. There are 1158 visuals, 1035 in color, 123 CT and MRI scans.
On page 322 is a diagram of the autonomic nervous system that is the best I've seen to date (..and I'm getting on in years, and have seen a lot of pictures..). Right beside it is the photo of the dissection upon which it is based. Excruciatingly careful detail, including the arrows that label the structures to which they point in both the photo and the diagram.
Very little text, all visuals. The section on just the trunk, from page 184 to page 232, is by itself worth the price of the book. You can trace every nerve through every twist, turn, and bifurcation, in any part of the body, trunk and limb. The extensive section on structures of the head, face and neck, from page 24 to page 183, is beyond amazing. This should be must have for every PT.
Review by Diane Jacobs:
Into the Cool: Energy Flow, Thermodynamics and Life
Eric D. Schneider and Dorion Sagan, hardcover, 378 pages, University Of Chicago Press (June 1, 2005)
Sure to create a smoother interface between those who need something "bigger" to think about when considering life's origins, but not antiscientific in the slightest. Discussion of Creationism and ID in the last chapter. From the flyleaf:
quote:
Scientists, theologians, and philosophers have all sought to answer the questions of why we are here and where we are going. Finding this natural basis of life has proved elusive, but in the eloquent and creative Into the Cool, Eric D. Schneider and Dorion Sagan look for answers in a surprising place: the second law of thermodynamics. This second law refers to energy's inevitable tendency to change from being concentrated in one place to becoming spread out over time. In this scientific tour de force, Schneider and Sagan show how the second law is behind evolution, ecology,economics, and even life's origin.
Working from the precept that "nature abhors a gradient," Into the Cool details how complex systems emerge, enlarge, and reproduce in a world tending toward disorder. From hurricanes here to life on other worlds, from human evolution to the systems humans have created, this pervasive pull toward equilibrium governs life at its molecular base and at its peak in the elaborate structures of living complex systems. Schneider and Sagan organize their argument in a highly accessible manner, moving from descriptions of the basic physics behind energy flow to the organization of complex systems to the role of energy in life to the final section, which applies their concept of energy flow to politics, economics, and even human health.
A book that needs to be grappled with by all those who wonder at the organizing principles of existence, Into the Cool will appeal to both humanists and scientists. If Charles Darwin shook the world by showing the common ancestry of all life, so Into the Cool has a similar power to disturb--and delight--by showing the common roots in energy flow of all complex, organized, and naturally functioning systems.
Highly recommended. Diane Jacobs
Up From Dragons: The Evolution of Human Intelligence
John R. Skoyles and Dorian Sagan
Hardcover, 448 pages, McGraw-Hill; 1 edition (May 17, 2002)
I felt inspired to put this up for perusal because of the curse of human vanity thread.
There is a whole section in Up From Dragons about how unique each brain is, and therefore presumably the underpinnings to its function. Some people are missing entire processing areas, other peoples' whatevers are six-fold larger. Brains turn out to be as radically prone to individual genetic unfoldment as anywhere else in the anatomical hardware department. The prefrontals are likened to the conductor of an orchestra, smoothing out the music/instrumentation played by all the other bits of brain, each bit doing its own thing but watching the conductor so that the final music is properly positioned in the overall pattern. Lots of discussion on brain waves. Lots of depth about what each bit of brain is presumed to be doing. Lots of developmental detail. Lots of discussion as to what happens to the visual cortex in a blind person (the auditory cortex spreads over into it) or the auditory cortex of a deaf person (the visual cortex spreads into it), etc etc. A fascinating description of a blind guy who rode a bike in the streets, getting around by clicking like a dolphin, his various clicks coming back to him to give him info about nearby buildings, or overhangs, different echos for each kind of shape that he learned to discern.. absolutely fascinating.
...there's not a huge amount in there about pain, but there are good tidbits. The first discussion of pain is that it is the price we pay for having acquired such a lot of neural plasticity. There are more bits coming up.
Diane Jacobs
What a treat. Dawkins is openly modeling this book on Canterbury Tales by Chaucer; the whole book is a metaphoric mental pilgrimage backward through time, to the past, to visit 40 "rendezvous points" where the line that gave rise to us meets and blends backwards, with lines that separated forward. As we travel in the book we are joined by more and more "cousins", creatures that are related to us, until we are all the way back to bacteria. He has coined new words to explain his ideas of relationship: "Concestor" and "Grancestor."
It's hard to know if he hopes to quell all the usual protests from creationists by using a religious theme for his book, or if he is taking a bit of a jab at them, or if he could care less either way.
No matter, the book is an absolute must read. It is full of fresh info, bright colored (illuminated?) illustrations, his style has rounder edges somehow, (and way over on page 441 in a discussion about mitochondria, he nods to and gives an acknowlegement to Lynn Margulis, something I've been waiting to see in his writing for quite awhile.)
Enjoy, Diane
Evaluation and treatment of chronic pain
Aronoff GM (1999); Hardcover: 749 pages
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; 3 ed (1999)
Superb text with a strong psychosocial leaning.
Book Info:
Practical, comprehensive text on the clinical management of pain. For physicians in nonpsychiatric specialities. Focuses on psychological and therapeutic issues in pain management. Halftone illustrations. Extensive references. Previous edition: c1992.
An easy read paperback short neuroscience book. Nice diagrams.
Book Info:
Textbook uses an integrated approach to cover the anatomy, biochemistry, physiology, and pharmacology of the nervous system. Explores the anatomy, structure, and function of the nervous system at the microscopic level. For undergraduate students. Previous edition: c1999.
Examination in Physical Therapy Diagnosis
Boissonnault WG (1995); Hardcover: 443 pages
Churchill Livingstone, New York; 2nd edition (Jun 14 1995)
A classic for screening in physical therapy.
Book Info:
Previous edition 1991. Reference for physical therapists and students identifying symptoms and signs that require a physician's attention. Illustrated.
Mobilisation of the Nervous System provides an awareness and understanding of the nervous system in a multifactorial approach to manual therapy. Sections include: Examination, Treatment, Selected Disorders and Case Studies.
Mapping the Mind
Carter R (1998);
HARDCOVER: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, London ISBN: 0520219376
PAPERBACK: McArthur & Co / Orion Con Trad (Jul 27 2000) ISBN: 0753810190
Written by a journalist, a great introduction to the early finding from PET scans and functional MRI. Beautifully illustrated
The War on Pain
Fishman S (2000);Hardcover: 301 pages
Harpercollins Trade Sales Dept, New York; 1 edition (Dec 9 1999)
In the 'self help' and 'health' categories at major bookstores there are a growing number of books on pain. I am suspicious of most, particularly those which proclaim to cure pain. While much acute pain will be 'cured' the same cannot be said for most chronic pain. Indeed, to take away pain is to remove much of what it is to be human.
I often look for easily read, scientifically based books for patients to read, particularly books which give a balanced big picture view of evidence based medicine and neurobiology. I have just found one which hits the spot - Fishman S (2000) The War on Pain, Harper Collins, New York.
David Butler (reviewed 06/03/2000):
Fishman, who is a Physician and Psychiatrist takes us through the anatomy and pathobiology of pain states and never forgets the suffering involved. There are plenty of patient examples all described with a rare humility. When there is a lack of answers he shares this with the patient and you instantly know where he is coming from when he says ?in my business its hard to guarantee outcomes?. Fishman has a catchy writing style and there are helpful comments and metaphors appropriately placed throughout such as the ?magnifying glass metaphor? for CNS upregulated pain or the simple yet powerful ?you?ve got a wounded nervous system? or ?we?ll help you seek effective responses to pain?. Interdisciplinary management is well described and the reader will find excellent descriptions of physical therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy and the techniques and effects of various drug therapies.
Try recommending it to an appropriate patient.
The New Cognitive Neurosciences (2nd Edition)
Gazzaniga, Michael S, Ed (2000) Hardcover: 1276 pages
The MIT Press, Massachusetts; 2 edition (Nov 26 1999)
The first edition of The Cognitive Neurosciences helped to define the field. The second edition reflects the many advances that have taken place-particularly in imaging and recording techniques. From the molecular level up to that of human consciousness, the contributions cover one of the most fascinating areas of science--the relationship between the structural and physiological mechanisms of the brain/nervous system and the psychological reality of mind. The majority of the chapters in this edition of The Cognitive Neurosciences are new, and those from the first edition have been completely rewritten and updated
Psychological approaches to pain management
Gatchel RJ, Turk DC (1996); Hardcover: 519 pages;
The Guildford Press, New York
Good multidisciplinary text.
"This is a marvelous book. It provides excellent descriptions and evaluations of the psychological approaches to pain management. First-rate practitioner-researchers examine all the major approaches to pain management, including psychodynamic therapy, relaxation therapy, hypnosis, group therapy, and cognitive-behavioral approaches. The chapters on controlling pain in children and in the elderly are particularly valuable. So are the chapters on strategies for the prevention of chronic pain and occupational rehabilitation. This book is clearly 'a practitioner's handbook,' and practitioners will be grateful to have so much valuable information at hand in a single volume. The editors have provided a sensible sequence of chapters that follow logically and helpfully. The book is well-written throughout. The reader who peruses it will find valuable, interesting information on almost every page." Ronald Melzack, Ph.D., McGill University
Pathology. Implications for the physical therapist
Goodman CC, Boissonnault WG (1998); Hardcover: 899 pages
W.B. Saunders Company (November 2002)
The title says it all.
This is the first pathology text designed specifically for therapists. Organised by body system, this remarkably practical reference provides instant access to specific disease processes and the precautions or contraindications that may impact exercise or therapy. Clinically applicable guidance enables the therapist to make the best decisions for designing safe and effective treatment programs.
The Placebo Effect
Harrington A (1997) Paperback: 272 pages
Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mar 15 1999)
The best book on the placebo - some eminent contributors. The history sections are thought provoking.
A mere "symbol" of medicine--the sugar pill, saline injection, doctor in a white lab coat--the placebo nonetheless sometimes produces "real" results. Medical science has largely managed its discomfort with this phenomenon by discounting the placebo effect, subtracting it as an impurity in its data through double-blind tests of new treatments and drugs. This book is committed to a different perspective--namely, that the placebo effect is a "real" entity in its own right, one that has much to teach us about how symbols, settings, and human relationships literally get under our skin.
Anne Harrington's introduction and a historical overview by Elaine Shapiro and the late Arthur Shapiro, which open the book, review the place of placebos in the history of medicine, investigate the current surge in interest in them, and probe the methodological difficulties of saying scientifically just what placebos can and cannot do. Combining individual essays with a dialogue among writers from fields as far-flung as cultural anthropology and religion, pharmacology and molecular biology, the book aims to expand our ideas about what the placebo effect is and how it should be seen and studied. At the same time, the book uses the challenges and questions raised by placebo phenomena to initiate a broader interdisciplinary discussion about our nature as cultural animals: animals with minds, brains, and bodies that somehow manage to integrate "biology" and "culture," "mechanism" and "meaning," into a seamless whole.
Book Description:
...introduces undergraduate students to the fundamentals of biology in mental processes...special emphasis is placed on the effects of behavior, brain imaging, computational science, systems, and cellular neurobiology.
Clinical Sports Medicine (2nd edition)
Brukner P, Khan K (2001) Hardcover: 918 pages
McGraw-Hill Book Company Australia; 2 edition (April 30, 2002)
University of Melbourne, Australia. Practical guide to sports medicine, covers all aspects of diagnosis and management of sports-related injuries. Symptom-oriented approach. Revised edition includes 75 new line drawings, updated photographs and references, and updated material from the International Symposium on Concussion in Sport. Previous edition: c2001.
Physical Therapies in Sport and Exercise: Principles and Practice
Gregory S Kolt and Lynn Snyder-Mackler; Hardcover: 608 pages
Churchill Livingstone (January 27, 2003)
"A comprehensive volume of work that covers a vast area of key topics essential to the work of sports physiotherapists, sports rehabilitators, sports medicine practitioners and the like...a truly informed opinion, in order to adapt their treatment philosophies appropriately." Julian Hatcher, Director of Sport & Senior Lecturer, Fellow of Orthopaedic Medicine, Physical Therapy in Sport - Volume 4 Issue 1, February 2003
"...interesting and stimulating to read, bringing together the many facets of sport and exercise relating to physical therapists. It is current and well organised" www.sportex.net
Inside the Brain: Revolutionary Discoveries of How the Mind Works
Book Info:
Full-color text/ atlas on the research-based neuroscience information that is relevant to entry-level physical and occupational therapy. Includes case studies, review questions, and over 270 high-quality, three-dimensional illustrations. Follows a path from the cellular and developmental levels to regional anatomy.
Pain Management - An interdisciplinary approach
Chris J Main and Chris C Spanswick; Hardcover: 438 pages
Publisher: Churchill Livingstone; 1st edition (Nov 15, 2000)
"It is my view that this book is essential to all those working with patients who report pain and have pain related physical incapacity.... For those who are setting up a pain management programme or who already have, the book is essential. I would like to commend the editors and authors and cannot recommend it more highly to all physiotherapists and physiotherapy educators.
Buy two and give one to your tutor!" Louis Gifford, Chartered Physiotherapist
The Sickening Mind: Brain, Behaviour, Immunity and Disease
Martin P (1997) Paperback
Publisher: Harpercollins Pub Ltd (January 5, 1998)
This is a classic. If you read no other book on pain then read this.
First Sentence:
The link between pain and injury seems so obvious that it is widely believed that pain is always the result of physical damage and that the intensity of pain we feel is proportional to the severity of the injury.
Cry of the Damaged Man: A Personal Journey of Recovery (Paperback)
Moore T; Paperback
Pan Macmillan (Aug 21 1992)
A good book for patients. The story of a doctor's recovery from severe trauma.
REVIEW: Absolutely superb, May 6 2004
Reviewer: Neil Hinrichsen (Knysna South Africa)
I read this book some years ago when a friend was recovering from a severe head trauma. Page after page just spoke to me, and to my friend when she read it. If you are living in this territory, of recovering from a devastating accident or deterioration in your health, you need to read this book. It is filled with deep insights and hard-won wisdom from someone who has been there before you, someone who from being a brilliant self-assured surgeon, had to rebuild his whole world including who he was.
Manage your Pain: Practical and Positive Ways to Adapt to Chronic Pain
Nicholas M, Molloy A, Tonkin, L and Beeston, L (2000)
ABC Books, Sydney; Paperback: 224 pages; Publisher: Souvenir Press (Oct 28 2006)
Also available from ABC Shops in Australia
The initial outstanding feature of this book is that it is written by an interdisciplinary team (psychologist, physiotherapist, nurse and anaesthetist). They write as one, all using the same language and presenting it simply and strongly. In addition these authors are key staff at the successful ADAPT pain management programme at the Royal North Shore Hospital in Sydney. ?Manage your Pain? is the basic manual of the programme.
I think that a prime sign of a good self-help book is when authors bare themselves at first. ??.This book offers no instant relief?, ??doesn?t claim to have all the answers?. The authors state bluntly that ?the information won?t change your life, only you can do that. You need to become your own doctor / physiotherapist / psychologist.? Chronic pain sufferers searching for an external magic for their troubles may run from the book, however health professionals now have a duty to steer them to the principles endorsed in this book. These are evidence based principles. However, once the basis of the book is set, a richness of management options is presented - exercise, cognitive ?behavioural techniques, and the specialised techniques and advice of various professions. Patient in control is the aim.
I like metaphors for education. One powerful metaphor can go a long way and last forever. There is a rather nice one about the output of brain processing being like a baked cake. It links the emotions, the sensory inputs and thought as the ingredients which cannot be separated in the baked cake.
The chapters are listed below to give some idea of the scope of the book. I thought that the chapters on pacing, goal setting and recognising and managing obstacles to change were particularly useful.
What is chronic pain?
Questions you may have
What?s going on in your body when you have pain
What X-rays, CT and MRI scans tell us
Working with your doctor
Treatments for chronic pain
Using pacing to overcome the effects of chronic pain on activities
Setting goals
Recognising and overcoming obstacles to change
Stretching and exercising
Challenging ways to thinking about pain
Using relaxation
Improving sleep
Stress and problem solving
Interacting with those around you
Dealing with flare-ups and setbacks
Pain and work
Maintaining the changes
?Manage your Pain? is 27 Australian dollars. With the exchange rate, overseas buyers should buy in bulk! David Butler (reviewed 03/08/2000).
Molecules of Emotion: Why You Feel the Way You Feel
Pert CA (1997) Hardcover: 368 pages; Scribner, New York (Sep 11, 1997) ISBN: 0684831872
Molecules Of Emotion: The Science Behind Mind-Body Medicine (Paperback)
Pert CA (1997) Paperback: 368 pages; Scribner; 1st Touchstone Ed edition (February 17, 1999) ISBN: 0684846349
"This is a thoroughly enjoyable book for its easily read scientific parts, the sense of history, and some incredible politics. Sometimes I felt I was reading a thriller but all the way along I was gleaning little bits of neuroscience right from the laboratory desk. Candace Pert is a neuroscientist whose worthy claim to fame is that she discovered the opiate receptor. This was in 1972, and the discovery finalised the link between the expression of the neurotransmitters responsible for endogenous pain control and their action. Pert goes much further than pain though, she goes well into the biochemistry of the psychosomatic network. There is little on modern Physical Therapy in this book ? Pert seems well entrenched with alternative medicine, however I am hopeful that readers will see past this and consider the material relevant for any professions." David Butler (reviewed 30/11/99)
The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature
A classic introduction to stress. Updated in 1998.
Moving in on Pain
Shacklock MO (1995)
Australia: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Proceedings of the first ever physical therapy pain conference.
Coping Successfully with Pain
Shone N (1995)
London: Sheldon Press
Story of a patient's recovery from chronic pain.
Chronic pain: the Occupational Therapist
Strong J (1996)
Paperback, Churchill Livingstone, New York (Aug 2 1996)
Suitable for anyone interested in chronic pain, not just Occupational Therapists.
Pain, the science of suffering
Wall PD (1999)
Paperback: 192 pages, Wiedenfield and Nicholson, London.
Publisher: Columbia University Press (April 2002)
This really is a beaut book ? pain cuts across all medical specialities and it should be of interest to all clinicians and patients and for anyone interested in sensory experiences. Wall has a remarkable ability to get his message over to neuroscientists and I expect to the World War 2 veteran suffering excruciating phantom limb pain. There is plenty here for everyone - the physiology of pain, chapters on pains with cause, without cause and normal pain, your pain and other people?s pain (what a great way to categorise) and there is a superb chapter on the all powerful placebo. Readers who want to look up Wall?s thoughts on their behaviour with hip pain, toothache, surgery, fibromyalgia etc. will find the book easy to access. The book generates its power from science and in Wall?s case it is a science which has skillfully fused observation of animal and human behaviour, clever yet skeptical experimentation, listening, yet never forgetting the importance of history. Wall wrote the book because ??..any knowledge that brings the patient into a clearer appreciation of their condition decreases their anxiety.?
Wall leaves us with future direction and it is pointing towards the relationship of pain and motor function. Functional MRI and PET scans have demonstrated that the construction of a pain experience is not just something which happens from serial processing in the thalamus and sensory cortex. When we are in pain, brain areas such as the anterior cingulate, the motor cortex, the basal ganglia and the cerebellum are active, all areas that we used to think had nothing to do with the experience of pain. Wall asks ?are we processing sensation in terms of what we might or can do about it??
Like in any good book, there are sentences that stay with you. There are many here, but early in the book? ???.when the wily, fat old pike who drives generations of anglers to distraction because he will not take the bait, finally gives up to senility, it is found that his mouth has the scar of an old hooking from which he had escaped and learnt ?.
Buy more than one of these - there is no end to the people who should read it.
Textbook of Pain. 4th edition
Wall PD, Melzack R (1999)
Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone
"A classic and expensive text. Check it out in the library - If investing, make sure you get the 4th edition?.
Mind-body medicine
Watkins A (1997)
New York: Churchill Livingstone.
Some great chapters in this text. Self care for clinicians is one.
Chronic Pain Management for Physical Therapists
Wittink H, Michel TH (1997)
Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann
Fundamental Neuroscience, Second Edition
Zigmond M, Bloom F, Landis S, Roberts J, Squire L, (1999).
Hardcover: 1426 pages, Academic Press; 2 edition (Nov 2002)
First Sentence:
The name for the field of knowledge described in this book is neuroscience, the multidisciplinary bodies of science that analyze the nervous system to understand the biological basis for behavior.
Editorial Reviews:
LIFE SCIENCE BOOK REVIEW, 2003
"...anyone looking for the definitive text in neuroscience need look no further...this one is it!
"...an outstanding, comprehensive reference for clinicians, students, and neuroscientists."
-AMERICAN NEUROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (2003)
"...anyone looking for the definitive text in neuroscience need look no further...this one is it!-LIFE SCIENCE BOOK REVIEW(2003)
Textbook of Pain.
Wall PD, Melzack R (1999)
Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
"A classic and expensive text. Check it out in the library - If investing, make sure you get the latest - currently the 5th edition." DB
